SETBP1 mutations have a causative role in the phenomenon of dysplasia in granulopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis: the bone marrow cytomorphology of SETBP1 mutated cases presents a characteristic phenotype with an increased dysplastic granulopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis strongly linked to the MDS/MPN category, and in particular to aCML [84]. The gene discussed is SETBP1; the disease is myeloproliferative neoplasm.