Consistently, the biological functions “ciliopathy” (P = 1.51E-22), “primary ciliary dyskinesia” (P = 3.03E-22), and “movement of cilia” (P = 6.51E-21) were significantly enriched in Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, suggesting that SPEN may regulate the expression of a number of genes relevant to the cilium (Fig. 1c). Here, SPEN is linked to ciliopathy.