VEGFA and acute myeloid leukemia: Moreover, despite promising preclinical studies (Zhu et al., 2003), clinical trials incorporating anti-VEGF inhibitors have not produced encouraging results (Fiedler et al., 2003, Fiedler et al., 2005, Giles et al., 2006, Mattison et al., 2015, Roboz et al., 2006, Zahiragic et al., 2007), suggesting that targeting pro-angiogenic cytokines may not be the best strategy for disrupting the crosstalk between AML and the vascular niche.