TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: Increased expression of different pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factors and many other chemokines taking part in different inflammatory disorders including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has also been attributed to the activation of NF-κB (Aggarwal et al., 2004).