Opposite effects occurred with respect to PAX6 and SOX9.Since both FOXO1 and FOXO4 target insulin signalling[63–65], and NKX2-2 controls genes thathave important roles in axonal guidance[66], the findings suggest that theobserved modulations in transcription factor gene expression may representcompensatory efforts to attenuate effects of impaired neuronal growth andplasticity, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance[63,65]. The gene discussed is SOX9; the disease is Insulin resistance.