Hyperinsulinemia, taken as fasting insulin ≥12.2 μUI/ml (84.73 pmol/L), was also more frequent in PCOS (41.8%), and PCOS-with-SCH patients (32.2%) than in controls (10.4%) (p<0.001); PCOS and PCOS-with-SCH had similar prevalences of imputed insulin resistance (p=0.293). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is hyperinsulinism.