These successes led to FDA approval of the anti-PD-1 antibodies, pembrolizumab (humanized IgG4, Merck) followed by nivolumab (fully human IgG4, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Ono Pharmaceuticals) in 2014, for patients with advanced melanoma who had not responded to anti-CTLA-4[70–72]. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and melanoma.