Tissues from lumbar spinal cords were double immunolabeled for GFAP and the cytokine, TNF [1, 30, 31], the B-cell immunostimulant, BAFF [9, 32–34], the leukocyte chemokine, CCL2 [35–37], or for a principal source of nitric oxide, NOS2 [8, 38, 39], all of which have been implicated in astrocytes in EAE or MS. This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and myeloid sarcoma.