Marionneau et al. found that in aortic coarctation-induced cardiac hypertrophy, there were no significant differences in the amplitudes of Ito, IK,slow, and IK1 between cardiomyocytes in the endo-myocardium and those in the epi-myocardium, and there was no transmural spatial heterogeneity in the expression of channel proteins, Ito (Kv4.2, Kv4.3, KChIP2), IK1 (Kir2.1, Kir2.2), and Iss (TASK1, TASK2). The gene discussed is KCND3; the disease is aorta coarctation.