Studies in Nrf2 knockout mice demonstrate an interplay between the Nrf2 and NFκB pathway because animals lacking Nrf2 showed an inflammatory phenotype (e.g., nephritis, brain injury, retinal disease, colitis) together with an augmentation of cytokine production compared with the wild-type animals [92,132,133,134,135]. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is nephritis.