However, the identification of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), fused in sarcoma (FUS), and C9orf72 has led to a paradigm shift highlighting the dysregulation of RNA metabolism as a critical, causative factor in ALS/FTD (Ling et al., 2013). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.