SMAD3 and neoplasm: In addition, this compound also induces changes on nuclear deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (Saiko et al., 2015), and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells by activating the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway as well as proteins involved in cell proliferation and differentiation and by inducing cell cycle arrest (Zhang et al., 2014).