MAP3K5 and ischemic stroke: Ransohoff (2016) raises some concerns on existence of M1/M2 polarization (Mantovani et al., 2004; Martinez et al., 2008). Third, the previous studies proved that ASK1 inhibitor NQDI-1 shows a possible therapeutic application as a protective drug in ischemic stroke (Song et al., 2015; Cheon et al., 2016a).