In this stable cell line, NF-κB activity was enhanced by EV71 infection and R848 stimulation, but attenuated in the presence of shTLR7, shMyD88, shIRAK1, shNF-κB p65, and shNF-κB p50 (Fig 2I), confirming that TLR7, MyD88, and IRAK1 are involved in the activation of NF-κB during viral infection. This evidence concerns the gene IRAK1 and viral infectious disease.