However, caspases can also have tumor-promoting roles, for example through apoptosis-induced proliferation (AiP), a caspase-driven process by which apoptotic cells produce mitogenic signals for proliferation of neighboring surviving cells (Mollereau et al., 2013) (reviewed in [Fogarty and Bergmann, 2017; Ryoo and Bergmann, 2012]). This evidence concerns the gene AIP and neoplasm.