In this context, deficiency in DCR1, the enzyme responsible for the generation of mature miRNA by cleaving pre-miRNA to ~22 nucleotide mature miRNAs, is known to result in deficient miRNA biogenesis and can lead to lowered abundance of mature miRNAs.14, 15, 16 Remarkably, a recent report showed that the expression of Dicer1 was decreased in PTSD, and this was linked to the lowered expression of miR-3130-5p.17 Interestingly, the authors reported only miR-3130-5p as significantly downregulated but did not show any link between the downregulated miRNA and any physiological changes in PTSD. The gene discussed is DICER1; the disease is post-traumatic stress disorder.