Moreover, Liu et al. reported that TNF-α and IL-1β stimulated the production of IL-23p19 from RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) [32], and Goldberg et al. reported that TNF-α and IL-17 synergistically induce IL-23p19 mRNA expression in FLS [33]. This evidence concerns the gene IL17A and rheumatoid arthritis.