Interleukin (IL)-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is intensely produced by activated macrophages and has a central role in the regulation of many inflammatory forms of cell death typically triggered by inflammasome-mediated caspase-1 activation during bacterial infection (Schroeder and Hilbi, 2007; Lamkanfi et al., 2011; Guo et al., 2015). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is bacterial infectious disease.