CD27 expression on Mtb-specific IFNγ+ cells also distinguished between LTBI and aTB irrespective of HIV infection (p = 0.0003, AUC = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.73–0.98, specificity: 77%, sensitivity: 79% for HIV− and p < 0.0001, AUC = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.84–1.02, specificity: 89%, sensitivity: 87% for HIV+) with comparable optimum cutoff values for HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected individuals (50 vs 43%, respectively, Figure 5B). The gene discussed is CD27; the disease is HIV infectious disease.