BAX and cardiomyopathy: The increase in myocardial cell apoptosis is another pathogenic mechanism in the DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.36 Some researchers believed that cardiomyocyte apoptosis could be the leading cause of cardiac dysfunction in DOX-induced cardiomyopathy.37, 38 To estimate the DOX-induced apoptosis, we conducted a series of assays including TUNEL staining, DNA fragmentation detection, and examination of the Bax/Bcl2 ratio in the DOX group.