Mechanistically, enzalutamide exerts its anti-prostate cancer effects by interrupting the interaction between AR and DHT, blocking AR nuclear translocation, and preventing recruitment of AR to androgen responsive elements.8 Nevertheless, enzalutamide is only capable of extending survival of CRPC patients by 4–6 months partially due to the development of enzalutamide resistance9 but the underlying mechanisms have not been well defined. The gene discussed is AR; the disease is prostate cancer.