Interestingly, the authors could demonstrate that TLR2 and TLR4 were necessary to promote tissue-protective effects of the extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) by inducing optimal chemokine production and stimulating NF-κB-mediated protection of epithelial cells from BLM-induced apoptosis [158]. The gene discussed is TLR2; the disease is Bloom syndrome.