It was shown that during H37Rv infection, M1-type markers, phosphorylated STAT1 and iNOS, and M2-type markers, phosphorylated STAT6 and Arg-1, were increased in varying degree (Fig. 3a and b), indicating that M. tb infection induced both M1- and M2-type polarization of macrophages. The gene discussed is NOS2; the disease is infection.