In chicken cells, despite lacking a functional RIG-I gene, knockdown of chicken TRIM25 results in reduced IFN-β upon infection with specific strains of the influenza A virus (IAV) [100], suggesting that TRIM25 is involved in activation of IFN signaling through a RIG-I-independent mechanism, perhaps activation of MDA5 or MAVS. The gene discussed is MAVS; the disease is infection.