In addition, TFAM exerts DNA-binding properties; approximately 900 molecules of TFAM are bound to one molecule of mtDNA [51].Depletion of TFAM gene resulted in embryonic lethality while tissue-specific disruption of TFAM gene in heart and muscle led to a mosaic cardiac-specific progressive respiratory chain deficiency, dilated cardiomyopathy, and atrioventricular heart conduction blocks and proved lethal after two to four weeks of age [52,53]. Here, TFAM is linked to dilated cardiomyopathy.