ELANE and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Interestingly, the importance of neutrophil elastase (NE) in the pathobiology of PAH has been well recognized,24 and recent work demonstrating NE mediated release of IL-1ß25 may provide further evidence for a central role of IL-1ß biology in the pathogenesis of PAH, and highlights additional evidence for the potential use of NE inhibitors in PAH.