SOD1 and Patent ductus arteriosus: In the study of Inayat et al. [45], in preterms with hsPDA, a poor antioxidant status within the first 48 hours after birth has been demonstrated through the detection of lower levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), urinary catalase, and plasma and urinary 8-isoPGF2a, with an impairment in urinary prostaglandin E2, plasma and urinary thromboxane B2, and plasma SOD after pharmacological PDA treatment [45].