Recently, kallikrein has been reported to have a number of functions, including selectively dilating arterioles in the ischemic area, enhancing angiogenesis and neurogenesis, increasing regional cerebral blood flow, inhibiting apoptosis and inflammation, promoting glial cell migration, and improving neurological deficits after AIS (Ling et al., 2008; Lu et al., 2008; Nagano, Suzuki, Hayashi, & Asano, 1992; Stone et al., 2009; Xia et al., 2006). The gene discussed is KLK4; the disease is androgen insensitivity syndrome.