However, although all the tested colon cancer cell lines were responsive to IFN-γ, as revealed by induction of ISGs14, 15 such as STAT-1, STAT-3, interferon responsive factor (IRF-1), and BCLXL, unexpectedly MMP-1 mRNA levels were reduced following IFN-γ treatment (18 h) (Supplementary Fig. S1C). Here, IRF1 is linked to colonic neoplasm.