TGFB1 and cancer: On the other hand, protein-coding genes relevant to cancer such as TGF-β1 mediating the activation of TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway in ALL cells [23], BCL3, a proto-oncogene candidate associated with B-cell leukemia [24], and BRD4, which is associated with transcriptional deregulation in leukemia [25] were overlooked by the RD protocol at this threshold.