It was recently shown that the overexpression of PEX3 induces ubiquitination-dependent NBR1-mediated pexophagy [90–92] and that PEX19 associates with the tuberous sclerosis complex, which is part of the signaling cascade downstream of ATM activating pexophagy in the presence of ROS [88,89]. This evidence concerns the gene PEX3 and tuberous sclerosis.