While over-expression of CD47 alone was previously found to be associated with reduced survival in ER- patients [12], GRP78 and CD47 co-expression was not associated with RFS in the ER- cohort (Fig. 1d), suggesting that co-expression of these two proteins may play a role in estrogen-mediated signaling to promote development of ER+ breast cancer. This evidence concerns the gene HSPA5 and breast carcinoma.