The degradation of p27KIP1 is important in the cell cycle progression from the G0/G1 to S phase and is also a requirement for the resulting phosphorylation of Rb protein via the activation of cyclin/CDK complexes30, 34, and so the up-regulation of p27 expression was considered an efficient target for treatment of restenosis and atherosclerosis. Here, CDKN1B is linked to atherosclerosis.