Indeed, several inhibitors of BRAF and MEK are now approved for the treatment of BRAF-driven melanoma (e.g. the BRAF inhibitors vemurafenib, dabrafenib and the MEK inhibitor trametinib)4–6 and many more are in development for use either as single agents or in combination with other anti-cancer drugs7. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is melanoma.