Analysis of the mRNA expression of IQGAP3 in HCC tissues showed that IQGAP3 levels remained low in non-tumor liver tissues, but increased significantly in patients with HCC (P < 0.0001), suggesting that IQGAP3 might contribute to the high cell-proliferation rates in HCC (Fig. 1a). This evidence concerns the gene IQGAP3 and hepatocellular carcinoma.