Considering HPV18-associated cervical cancer (n = 166 cases), association with increased risk was strongest with HLA-DRB1*15 (OR = 1.68, P = 0.0013) and HLA-DQB1*0602 (OR = 1.65, P = 0.0030), with only nominal HLA Class I risk associations seen with HLA-B*0702 and HLA-C*0702. The gene discussed is HLA-DQB1; the disease is cervical carcinoma.