CTNNB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Although rare, HCC in non-cirrhotic liver has also been reported and mostly occurs due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [18], contamination with aflatoxin B1 [19], mutations of certain genes such as telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1), encoding β-catenin [20].