IL23R and Autoimmunity: Although not a direct model of IL12Rβ1-deficiency, as IL12Rβ2 is an exclusive constituent chain of IL-12 receptor and not of IL-23 receptor, il-12rb2-knockout mice apart from developing late–onset autoimmunity, exhibit similarly to human IL12Rβ1-deficiency a propensity to infection with intracellular pathogens (11).