TNFΔARE mice fed a palm oil-based high-fat diet for up to 12 weeks resulted in an initial acceleration of ileitis followed by worsening of proximal colitis associated with loss of TJ protein occludin in the distal ileum, endotoxin translocation, and increased infiltration of DCs and Th17 cells into the lamina propria but without the development of obesity or obesity-associated metabolic features (154). Here, OCLN is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.