RAGE, has a role in intestinal inflammation in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, (Andrassy et al., 2006) and protein extracts from gut specimens from patients with IBDs cause NF-κB activation in cultured endothelial cells and causes intestinal inflammation and NF-κB activation when administered intrarectally to wild-type mice, but fails to do so in RAGE−/− mice (Andrassy et al., 2006). Here, AGER is linked to ulcerative colitis.