Afterwards, environmental triggers could provoke a mixed immune response of Th1 in the progression of AD and the resulting cytokine signaling elicited subsequent inflammation unrelated to the early Th2 response, suggesting Th1 cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β play a more dominant role than Th2 cytokines in the chronic status of AD21. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Alzheimer disease.