The main features that distinguish APOL1 from the other members of APOL genes family are, (a) APOL1 gene is in the opposite orientation to the other three (APOL2, APOL3, APOL4); (b) it encodes the only secreted protein in the family; (c) APOL1 plays an important role in trypanosomal lysis; (d) it also acts as a risk gene for many kinds of kidney diseases. This evidence concerns the gene APOL1 and kidney disorder.