Similarly, previous studies [15] suggested that the improved lung function observed in CF patients following treatment with antitumor drugs was due to upregulation of ABCC1. Since our study cohorts comprised of a clinically diverse group of CF patients undergoing standard CF care, we were unable to ascertain whether any medication was solely responsible for the differences in ABCC1 expression. The gene discussed is ABCC1; the disease is cystic fibrosis.