Diaphragm muscle of both LGMD strains expressed significantly higher levels of three isoforms of Tgf-β (Tgf-β1, Tgf-β2 and Tgf-β3) when compared to wild type diaphragm muscle, while no differences were found in the gastrocnemius muscle (Fig 5a). Here, TGFB3 is linked to limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.