The cumulative HCC development rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 0.4%, 3% and 5% for the PEG-IFN/RBV group and 0.6%, 9% and 9% for the DCV/ASV group, respectively (P = 0.053) (Fig 1). Here, IFNA1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.