During the follow-up period, HCC developed in 13 out of 244 (5.3%) of the PEG-IFN/RBV group and 7 out of 154 (4.5%) of the DCV/ASV group, and the cumulative HCC development rate tended to be high in DCV/ASV groups (P = 0.053). The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.