S100A8 and Atrophy: However, in contrast with results of a previous study in Iran showing that i1- and c1-type strains were strongly associated with gastric adenocarcinoma, irrespective of their vacA s or m type or cag status [13, 43], we confirmed that in our Bangladesh study, only the vacA m region was independently associated with a higher risk of atrophy in the antrum after adjusting for age, sex, and cagA status.