Previous work tried to find whether mutations in FOXF1 are also associated with the VATER/VACTERL combination of congenital anomalies that includes vertebral defects, anorectal malformations, cardiac defects, tracheoesophageal fistula with or without esophageal atresia, renal malformations, and limb defects. The gene discussed is FOXF1; the disease is Esophageal atresia.