EGLN1 and cancer: PHD3 has been associated with cell survival decisions and the course of inflammation.31 Moreover, PHD3 has been shown to cause apoptosis in neuronal cells and in cancer cells when expressed at high levels.32, 33, 34, 35 Compared to PHD2, PHD3 has been suggested to have non-HIF targets and downstream effectors.36 We found in the PHD3−/− mice a dampened inflammatory infiltrate in the ischemic muscle, which contained a lower number of macrophages whereas the number of neutrophils was unaffected.