The finding that PD‐L1 may be responsible for E6‐mediated colony formation, soft agar growth, and poor prognosis in HPV‐infected lung cancer (Fig. 1), therefore suggested that the anti‐PD‐L1 mAb+Lm‐LLO‐E6 vaccine combination might have superior suppressive effects on tumor growth induced by TL‐1 cells in nude mice. Here, CD274 is linked to lung cancer.