Levels of IL-6 (p < 0.05), IL-1β (p < 0.05), IFN-β (p < 0.001) and RANTES (p < 0.001) mRNA expression in monocytes remained significant among different groups following multifactorial ANOVA after adjustment for age, sex, WHR, BMI, duration of diabetes, creatinine and medications (insulin, sulfonylurea, metformin, GLP-1 analogues, DPP IV inhibitors, aspirin and statins). Here, CCL5 is linked to diabetes mellitus.