INS and diabetes mellitus: In monocytes, TLR1, 3, 5 and 7–10 mRNA levels were elevated in GC subjects when compared to NGT; levels of TLR1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 10 remained statistically significant following adjustment for age, sex, WHR, BMI, duration of diabetes, creatinine and medications (insulin, sulfonylurea, metformin, GLP-1 analogues, DPP IV inhibitors, aspirin and statins) using multifactorial ANOVA (Fig. 3A–J).